Which motivational theory proposes that needs are arranged in a hierarchical order that motivates behavior as they are satisfied?

• A. Maslow's Motivational Theory
• B. Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory
• C. McGregor's Theory X and Y
• D. Vroom's Expectancy Theory

Answer: (A)

The idea being tested is that people are motivated by needs arranged in a ladder-like order, and as each need is satisfied, motivation shifts to the next level. This describes Maslow's theory, which outlines a hierarchy: physiological and safety needs form the base, followed by love/belonging and esteem, with self-actualization at the top. When lower-level needs are unsatisfied, they drive behavior; once they are met, they become less influential, and higher-level needs take over as motivators. Other theories take different angles on motivation: Herzberg separates factors into hygiene and motivators, not a strict hierarchy; Theory X and Y describe management assumptions about workers; and Expectancy Theory focuses on beliefs about effort, performance, and outcomes.